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This sensor helps in that task by finding where the horizon of our planet is. Only by knowing this, their instruments can be pointed to where it is useful.
Infrared Earth horizon sensor: spacecraft usually need to have a precise idea of their orientation. In terms of its instruments, the Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics (SITP), part of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, developed two of them: Hardware On Yunhai-1ĭeveloped by the Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology (SAST), a subsidiary of CASC, the Yunhai-1 is believed to be outfitted with two deployable solar arrays and batteries for storage of the generated electricity. Adding to these capabilities, GNSS-RO also provides coverage where ground stations or balloons cannot. In this way, it enables the study of weather forecasting and climate monitoring, as well as ionospheric processes, or space weather. As a result, a 3D map with very accurate measurements of parameters such as temperature, pressure, humidity, and so on, can be created. Illustration showing how GNSS-RO works, with a GNSS satellite to the left (credit: UCAR)Īdequately selected instruments are then capable of reading the outcome from the signal-atmosphere interaction. In order for this electromagnetic wave to carry information about the atmosphere, it must have traveled through it, becoming influenced in the process. These are equipped with sensors that await the signal coming from the navigation system. On the other hand, a Yunhai-1 satellite - or any other GNSS-RO one - is stationed closer to the planet. GNSSs place their satellites in what is called a medium-Earth orbit (MEO), at about 20,000 km in altitude, although the characteristics of the used orbits change from system to system. Typically, this is translated into information such as positioning, navigation, or timing. Each of them works by having a constellation where every satellite emits a signal, which is received on the surface. However, there are other very important ones like the Russian GLONASS, the Chinese BeiDou, and the European Galileo. Such a detection technique profits from these systems, from which the most popular is probably GPS. Probing With Yunhai-1Ĭonversely, in other cases this spacecraft is classified as a global navigation satellite system radio occultation (GNSS-RO) weather satellite. Nevertheless, official sources (e.g., see here and here) have stated its purpose is to take environmental measurements related to the atmosphere, the oceans, and space, as well as disaster prevention and mitigation, and other scientific tasks. 
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Yunhai-1 03 patch (credit: CASC) What Is The Yunhai-1 Satellite?īecause of how little public information is available about the Yunhai-1 satellite, it leaves some room to read between the lines, and assume the spacecraft is used for military application.
The launch vehicle lifted-off from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, in China, and was injected into a ~765 km Sun-synchronous orbit at 98.5 degrees of inclination, joining another two Yunhai-1 spacecraft.
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The Yunhai-1 03 weather satellite was successfully launched atop a Long March 2D rocket serial numbered Y76 by the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation. – 119th orbital launch attempt of 2022 (115th successful) No, fairing recovery is not a capability of the Long March 2D No, first stage recovery is not a capability of the Long March 2Dĭid they attempt to recover the fairings? ~765 km circular Sun-synchronous orbit (SSO) at 98.5ºĭid they attempt to recover the first stage? Unknown, a maximum of 1,300 kg (2,900 lbs) based on orbital parameters Site 9401 (SLS-2), Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, China Featured image credit: Ren Hui / Xinhua Lift Off TimeĬhina Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC)
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